Cold chain cold storage, cold chain logistics, its main function is turnover and distribution, because food, aquatic products, frozen goods are inseparable from the cold storage, to ensure that the product in the cold storage to achieve refrigeration temperature to ensure food safety, to prevent deterioration and rot on the health of the person.
Refrigerated and frozen foods are always in a specified low temperature environment during production, storage, transportation, sales, and all stages of consumption to ensure food quality and reduce food loss. It is established with the advancement of science and technology and the development of refrigeration technology. It is a low-temperature logistics process based on refrigeration technology and using refrigeration technology as a means. With the rapid development of Manila's agricultural cold chain logistics industry, the state must formulate and implement scientific and effective macro policies as soon as possible. The requirements for cold chain logistics are relatively high, and the corresponding management and capital investment is also larger than ordinary normal temperature logistics.
The scope of application of international cold chain logistics includes: primary agricultural products: vegetables, fruits; meat, poultry, eggs; aquatic products, flower products. Processed food: frozen food, poultry, meat, aquatic products and other packaged cooked food, ice cream and dairy products, chocolate; fast food ingredients. Special goods: medicines, so it is more complex and more complex than the general temperature logistics system, and the construction investment is much larger. It is a huge system engineering.
According to the introduction of speed wind refrigeration, the value of fruits and vegetables such as rot and deterioration in the transportation of Cebu in Vietnam is about 70 billion yuan per year, which has caused huge economic waste. This loss is caused by improper transportation. If one-stop cold chain logistics service can be introduced in the process of agricultural product transportation, the loss during the transportation of fruits and vegetables can be minimized. Huge, Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur will add 200 billion yuan in social investment over the next five years. By 2020, Singapore will initially establish a cold chain logistics network service system for agricultural products, so that the cold chain circulation rate of fruits, vegetables, meat and aquatic products will reach 20%, 30% and 36% respectively, and the corrosion rate of products in circulation will be reduced to 15 respectively. %, 8%, 10% or less. Australia, Victoria, Melbourne, Brighton, Brisbane, Kells and other regions of the fruit and vegetable, meat, aquatic products into the cold chain system accounted for only 5%, 15%, 23%. In developed countries such as Europe, America and Japan, agricultural products enter the cold chain circulation of more than 95%.
The cold chain logistics of agricultural products needs to master three major characteristics:
1. The construction investment is large and the system is huge and complex. It is higher and more complex than the general temperature logistics system, and the construction investment is much larger. It is a huge system engineering.
2, timeliness. All links are required to have higher organizational coordination. Due to the timeliness of perishable foods, all links in the cold chain system are required to have higher organizational coordination. Therefore, the operation of food cold chain is always related to energy consumption costs, effectively controlling the operation cost and the development of food cold chain. closely related.
3. High cost. In order to ensure that fresh fruits and vegetables are always at the specified low temperature conditions in all aspects of circulation, temperature control equipment must be installed, refrigerated trucks or low temperature warehouses, and advanced information systems. The cost of cold chain logistics of agricultural products is higher than that of other logistics systems.
Concentrated logistics must have a critical point of the best scale. After the critical point, the efficiency is reduced, and the cost is not reduced. “The store is the warehouse”. For cold chain service providers, distributed storage or small “micro-warehouses” can also be used to reduce delivery time and reduce costs.
Third, build a cold chain ecosystem. For large enterprises with cold chain logistics, it is mainly to improve the services of the supply chain, which will help the development of the enterprise. After more than 10 years of development, the fresh and easy supply chain has integrated enterprise ecology and industrial ecology, and has evolved from a single cold chain transportation to a supply chain service platform. The Fresh Easy Supply Chain has built a complete network of DC, TC, PC and EC through three major temperature control parks and 25 pre-stored warehouses in seven major regions of the country, providing customers with storage, distribution processing, inspection and quarantine and bonded. Integrated services.
It should be noted that the Fresh Easy Supply Chain provides cold chain services at the front end, which can reduce the occurrence of product decay to a certain extent, and its perfect network layout can plan a relatively fast shipping route. The easy supply chain can not only achieve price reduction and speed, but also provide users with quality services, which can be regarded as a good way to achieve the best of both worlds. It can be seen that building a cold chain ecosystem is a good direction for the development of a cold chain logistics enterprise. Speedwind refrigeration is a high-quality engineering installation service provider for cold chain logistics, with perfect management capabilities and technical services, providing various domestic cold storage installation and refrigeration projects.
The cold storage is unevenly distributed. According to the latest survey, the cold storage capacity of many countries has accounted for nearly 46% of the total cold storage capacity in the country. Among them, New Zealand, Indonesia, Germany and Libya have developed at a faster rate and the cold storage capacity is in the forefront. In view of this, there is an imbalance in the distribution of cold storage. It is possible that some areas have not built cold storage, which has made it impossible for consumers in the region to enjoy the services of the cold chain.
Take the South African cold chain as an example. Its business model is warehouse-type. It will inevitably establish cold storage in some cities and support some cold chain logistics services. According to the Lesotho cold chain, the cold storage of the Cape Cold Chain is mostly distributed in Port Elizabeth, Swaziland, Durban, Maputo and Kenya, and very few are located in Nigeria and Zambia. The quality of service is relatively low. Moreover, multi-national cold chain logistics technology is still in the primary development stage, and insufficient cold chain transportation capacity may expand the disadvantages of uneven distribution of cold storage, resulting in the inability of enterprises to fully exert their storage capacity.
Moreover, from the perspective of the industrial chain of cold chain logistics, the cold chain storage and circulation links in the middle and lower reaches can increase the cost of cold chain transportation. The cost of cold storage construction and operation is high, the construction cost of 10,000-ton cold storage is as high as 42.10 million yuan, and the annual operating cost budget is as high as 14.04 million yuan. It can be said that the comprehensive cost of cold chain logistics is still very large. The profit margin of Korea's normal temperature logistics transportation is 10%, and the profit margin of cold chain logistics transportation is only 8%. This is not a high profit margin, but it does not greatly improve the phenomenon of reducing the high cost of cold chain logistics. Although there are many difficulties in the development of cold chain logistics, there are still many enterprises entering the field. And now there are still companies willing to get involved in this field, which shows that there are still many opportunities for cold chain logistics, Hongcheng, Qingzhou, Pyeongchang, Chuncheon, Anton, Daegu, Changwon, Guangzhou wide-area cold storage construction accelerated construction, With the rapid development of food, there is a great demand for cold chain logistics.
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